75 research outputs found
Regional institutions, financial analysts and stock price informativeness
This paper investigates the impact of legal institutions on the external governance role of equity analysts in enhancing the corporate information environment. By analysing a sample of Chinese listed firms between 2003 and 2013, we find that analyst coverage is positively related to stock price informativeness. Firms located in provinces where legal institutions are stronger, as indicated by better development of market intermediaries and lower levies and charges on firms, are less likely to withhold value-relevant information. Financial analysts play a more effective role in improving stock informativeness in provinces with less developed legal institutions
Modeling and simulation of sintering process across scales
Sintering, as a thermal process at elevated temperature below the melting
point, is widely used to bond contacting particles into engineering products
such as ceramics, metals, polymers, and cemented carbides. Modelling and
simulation as important complement to experiments are essential for
understanding the sintering mechanisms and for the optimization and design of
sintering process. We share in this article a state-to-the-art review on the
major methods and models for the simulation of sintering process at various
length scales. It starts with molecular dynamics simulations deciphering
atomistic diffusion process, and then moves to microstructure-level approaches
such as discrete element method, Monte--Carlo method, and phase-field models,
which can reveal subtle mechanisms like grain coalescence, grain rotation,
densification, grain coarsening, etc. Phenomenological/empirical models on the
macroscopic scales for estimating densification, porosity and average grain
size are also summarized. The features, merits, drawbacks, and applicability of
these models and simulation technologies are expounded. In particular, the
latest progress on the modelling and simulation of selective and direct-metal
laser sintering based additive manufacturing is also reviewed. Finally, a
summary and concluding remarks on the challenges and opportunities are given
for the modelling and simulations of sintering process.Comment: 45 pages, 38 figure
County-level CO2 emissions and sequestration in China during 1997–2017
With the implementation of China’s top-down CO2 emissions reduction strategy, the regional differences should be considered. As the most basic governmental unit in China, counties could better capture the regional heterogeneity than provinces and prefecture-level city, and county-level CO2 emissions could be used for the development of strategic policies tailored to local conditions. However, most of the previous accounts of CO2 emissions in China have only focused on the national, provincial, or city levels, owing to limited methods and smaller-scale data. In this study, a particle swarm optimization-back propagation (PSO-BP) algorithm was employed to unify the scale of DMSP/OLS and NPP/VIIRS satellite imagery and estimate the CO2 emissions in 2,735 Chinese counties during 1997–2017. Moreover, as vegetation has a significant ability to sequester and reduce CO2 emissions, we calculated the county-level carbon sequestration value of terrestrial vegetation. The results presented here can contribute to existing data gaps and enable the development of strategies to reduce CO2 emissions in China
Chinese Gini Coefficient from 2005 to 2012, Based on 20 Grouped Income Data Sets of Urban and Rural Residents
Data insufficiency has become the primary factor affecting research on income disparity in China. To resolve this issue, this paper explores Chinese income distribution and income inequality using distribution functions. First, it examines 20 sets of grouped data on family income between 2005 and 2012 by the China Yearbook of Household Surveys, 2013, and compares the fitting effects of eight distribution functions. The results show that the generalized beta distribution of the second kind has a high fitting to the income distribution of urban and rural residents in China. Next, these results are used to calculate the Chinese Gini ratio, which is then compared with the findings of relevant studies. Finally, this paper discusses the influence of urbanization on income inequality in China and suggests that accelerating urbanization can play an important role in narrowing the income gap of Chinese residents
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